Architecture of Kubernetes and few lines for each component by Nisanth

Master Node
Controller - Controls the worker node by checking the health
Scheduler - Used to schedule pods to worker nodes
etcd - Key/Value storage that stores the meta info of all nodes
Api server - Gets comments from user and pass to controller & scheduler

Worker node
Pods - Container runs inside the pod
Kubelet - Manage the worker node
Proxy - Proxy to the nodes